Pharyngitis

Pharyngitis is inflammation of the throat that commonly causes soreness, irritation, and difficulty swallowing. It is often associated with infections, particularly viral illnesses such as the common cold or flu, but it can also be caused by bacterial infections, allergies, dry air, smoking, or acid reflux. Pharyngitis can affect people of all ages and may develop suddenly or gradually.

Symptoms typically include a sore or scratchy throat, pain when swallowing, redness at the back of the throat, swollen glands in the neck, and sometimes fever or fatigue. Viral pharyngitis usually improves on its own within a few days, while bacterial forms may require specific treatment to prevent complications.

Understanding the cause of pharyngitis is important for managing symptoms and recovery. Rest, fluids, throat soothing measures, and pain relief may help ease discomfort, depending on the underlying cause. This section covers common causes of pharyngitis, how symptoms differ, treatment approaches, and warning signs — such as persistent pain, high fever, or difficulty breathing — that should be assessed by a healthcare professional.