Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, often referred to as GERD, is a chronic digestive condition in which stomach acid repeatedly flows back into the esophagus. This backflow can irritate the lining of the esophagus and lead to ongoing symptoms that affect comfort, sleep, and daily activities. GERD may develop gradually and can vary in severity from person to person.

Common symptoms include persistent heartburn, acid regurgitation, chest discomfort, difficulty swallowing, chronic cough, hoarseness, and a sour or bitter taste in the mouth. Some people may also experience symptoms outside the digestive system, such as throat irritation or dental enamel erosion. Risk factors include obesity, pregnancy, smoking, certain foods, medications, and a weakened lower esophageal sphincter.

Managing GERD often involves lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, and medication to reduce acid production or improve digestion. Left untreated, GERD can lead to complications affecting the esophagus. This section explores the causes of GERD, common symptoms, treatment options, and warning signs that indicate medical evaluation is needed.