Back Pain

Back pain is a common condition that can affect the upper, middle, or lower back and range from mild discomfort to severe, ongoing pain. It may develop suddenly after lifting, twisting, or injury, or build gradually due to poor posture, prolonged sitting, repetitive strain, or age-related changes in the spine.

Symptoms can include aching, stiffness, muscle spasms, reduced flexibility, or pain that radiates into the legs or shoulders. In many cases, back pain improves with rest, gentle movement, stretching, and simple self-care measures. However, persistent or worsening pain may be linked to issues such as muscle or ligament strain, disc problems, nerve compression, or underlying medical conditions.

Understanding the cause of back pain is important for effective treatment and prevention. Factors such as posture, physical activity, core strength, and ergonomics play a key role in spinal health. This section covers common causes of back pain, typical symptoms, treatment options, and warning signs — including numbness, weakness, or loss of bladder or bowel control — that require prompt medical attention.